Contents

• Contents
• List of Tables
• List of Figures
  • Introduction
    • Motivation and Objectives
    • Thesis Overview
    • Mathematical Notation
    • Nomenclature
  • Background
• Statistical Models of Shape and Texture
  • Introduction
  • Shape Model Formulation
    • Overview
    • Shapes and Landmarks
    • Obtaining Landmarks
    • Shape Alignment
    • Modelling Shape Variation
    • Summary
  • Texture Model Formulation
    • Overview
    • Object Texture
    • Image Warping
    • Acquiring Texture in Practice
    • Photometric Normalization
    • Modelling Texture Variation
    • Summary
  • Combined Model Formulation
    • Overview
    • Combining Models of Shape and Texture
    • Choosing Modes of Variation
    • Summary
• Active Appearance Models
  • Basic Active Appearance Models
    • Solving Parameter Optimization Off-line
    • Iterative Model Optimization
    • Summary
  • Discussion of Basic AAMs
    • Overview
    • Forces
    • Drawbacks
    • Hidden Benefits
    • AAMs Posed in a Bayesian Setting
  • Extensions of the Basic AAM
    • Overview
    • Enhanced Shape Representation
    • Increasing Texture Specificity
    • Border AAMs
    • Constrained AAM Search
    • Initialization
    • Fine-tuning the Model Fit
    • Robust Similarity Measures
    • Summary
  • Unification of AAMs and Finite Element Models
    • Overview
    • Motivation
    • The Basic Idea
    • Finite Element Models
    • Integration into AAMs
    • Results
    • Conclusion
• Implementation
  • The AAM-API
    • Overview
    • Requirements
    • The API at a Glance
    • API Extension by Inheritance
    • Console interface
    • File I/O
• Experimental Results
  • Experimental Design
    • Methodology
    • Performance Assessment
    • Summary
  • Radiographs of Metacarpals
    • Overview
    • Results
    • Summary
  • Cardiac MRIs
    • Results
    • Summary
  • Cross-sections of Pork Carcass
    • Results
    • Summary
• Discussion
  • Propositions for Further Work
    • Overview
    • Robust Model Building
    • Active Texture Weighting
    • Relaxation of Shape Constraints
    • Scale-Space Extension
  • Perspectives of AAMs
    • AAMs in 3D
    • Multivariate Imagery
  • Discussion
    • Summary of Main Contributions
    • Conclusion
• Bibliography
• Index
  • Detailed Model Information
    • Radiographs of Metacarpals
    • Cardiac MRIs - Set 1 B-Slices
    • Cross-sections of Pork Carcasses
  • Active Appearance Models: Theory and Cases
    • Introduction
    • Active Appearance Models
    • Implementation
    • Experimental Results
    • Discussion & Conclusions
    • Acknowledgements
    • Illustrated Cardiac AAM
  • The AAM Web-site
  • Source Code Documentation
  • AAM-API File Format Examples
    • AMF - AAM Model File
    • ACF - AAM Config File
    • ASF - AAM Shape File
    • AOF - AAM Optimization File
  • AAM-API Console Interface Usage
  • ASF - AAM Shape Format Specification