@CONFERENCE\{IMM2007-04943,
    author       = "M. S. Hansen and H. Olafsd\'{o}ttir and T. A. Darvann and N. V. Hermann and E. Oubel and R. Larsen and B. K. Ersb{\o}ll and A. F. Frangi and P. Larsen and C. A. Perlyn and G. M. Morris-Kay and S. Kreiborg",
    title        = "Estimation of independent non-linear deformation modes for analysis of craniofacial malformations in crouzon mice",
    year         = "2007",
    month        = "may",
    keywords     = "Statistical deformation model, independent component analysis, atlas, image registration",
    booktitle    = "2007 {IEEE} International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging",
    volume       = "",
    series       = "",
    editor       = "Miles Wernick, Jeffrey A. Fessler",
    publisher    = "IEEE",
    organization = "",
    address      = "",
    url          = "http://www2.compute.dtu.dk/pubdb/pubs/4943-full.html",
    abstract     = "Crouzon syndrome is a genetic disease resulting in premature
fusion of cranial sutures and synchondroses causing
craniosynostosis. A decade ago the Crouzon gene was discovered,
and recently the first mouse model of the syndrome was generated.
In this study, a set of Micro {CT} scannings of the heads of
wild-type (normal) mice and Crouzon mice were investigated.

We present for what we believe is the first time, a statistical
deformation model based on independent component analysis (ICA). A
set of deformation parameters for each mouse was calculated using
a {B-}spline-based nonrigid registration. From the parameters
controlling the deformations for each subject, the statistical
model was estimated.

{ICA} is demonstrated to provide localized deformation components,
many of which give a clear separation between Crouzon and
wild-type mice. This is a clear improvement of a previous
principal component-based model, which only provided one global
deformation component describing the disease. The {ICA} components
allow interpretation of each deformation feature to be carried out
independently of other features, and provides a basis for linking
the observed craniofacial malformations to the fusing of sutures.
{ICA} revealed an interesting new finding, not previously reported
in the literature, namely asymmetries in the head in Crouzon mice.
This phenomenon is probably caused by asymmetric closure of
craniofacial sutures."
}